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Richard von Weizsäcker Forum 2017

Logo https://story.bosch-stiftung.de/richard-von-weizsacker-forum-2017

Intro






The Richard von Weizsäcker Forum 2017 of the Robert Bosch Academy took place in Berlin, Grimma, Leipzig and Munich.

Join the annual gathering of our Fellows.












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Sandra Breka on the Richard von Weizsäcker Forum

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Shaping the Future in a World of Turmoil

On the first day of the Forum, the participants met in the Berlin Representative Office of the Robert Bosch Stiftung to discuss global issues with selected international and German speakers under the heading “Shaping the Future in a World of Turmoil”.

The Forum was moderated by Nik Gowing, International Broadcaster and Visiting Professor at NTU Singapore and KCL London.


Scroll down to learn about the different topics and debates.
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Reception at Schloss Bellevue

After the discussions at the Representative Office, the Fellows attended a reception at Schloss Bellevue . The Federal President had invited them to exchange views on Germany’s role in “a world in turmoil”. Federal President Frank-Walter Steinmeier outlined his view on the current key challenges and discussed these topics with the Fellows. Moreover, he gave the Fellows a first impression about the situation in Germany before the election.
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"It is my firm belief that the discussion about Germany’s role in Europe and its contribution to international crisis management and international order – a discussion that intensified over the past years - will not go away after the elections. This debate is not just the reflection of political preferences of one party or another. It is a reflection of a rapidly changing international environment, of geopolitical change and technological disruption. It is also a product of great – sometimes exaggerated – expectations of Germany by other countries."

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"Campaigns are a good moment to learn about a country – when political emotions are laid bare, when passions run high, you may get a better sense of a country’s mood, of its hopes and anxieties, of the reputation and the strength of its institutions. And it also allows you to learn by comparison to your own country about the issues, the intensity, the degree of political polarization of our polity.
 
I am glad that we have this opportunity for an open exchange with the impressive intellectual community of the Fellows of the Robert Bosch Academy."
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Kurt W. Liedtke on the Richard von Weizsäcker Forum

“The Fellows are very much interested in Germany’s role in the world and in the upcoming federal elections in Germany. In return, the conversation partners they meet during the Forum benefit from the intense and frank discussions which are influenced by the multitude of different perspectives from a variety of professional and cultural backgrounds of the Fellows. Exchanging views at this level is an asset to all involved and we are confident that they can build upon this experience in their daily work all over the world.”
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Germany Before the Elections

Following the “Fellows in Conversation Day” in Berlin, the participants embarked on a journey through Grimma, Leipzig and Munich with a program addressing the main issues at stake in the upcoming federal elections in Germany. The Fellows met a variety of stakeholders and got to know different regional perspectives in order to obtain a diverse and differentiated picture of Germany.
Meetings with the journalists Stephan Detjen and Matthias Deiß were a prelude to this part of the Forum.

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on the role of the media in the election campaign in Germany and important topics for the new government

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Nik Gowing on the Richard von Weizsäcker Forum 2017

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The Richard von Weizsäcker Fellows

David L. Bandurski
Roberto Bertollini
Filiz Bikmen
Carl Bildt
Scott Carpenter
Brahma Chellaney
Robert Cooper
Kate Crawford
Mohammad Darawshe
Ally Derks
Anna Diamantopoulou
Stephen Dinham
Anne Glover
Philip Gordon
Daniel S. Hamilton
Denis Hayes
François Heisbourg
Huang Jing
Aboubakr Jamaï
Michael Th. Johnson
Saran Kaba Jones
Parag Khanna
Sándor Köles
James Kondo
Ivan Krastev
Atallah Kuttab
Charles Landry
Sonja Licht
Fyodor Lukyanov
Walter Russell Mead
Ken'ichi Mishima
Natalie Nougayrède
Soli Özel
Iveta Radičová  
Mahmood Sariolghalam
Leena Srivastava
Philip Stephens
Vesna Teršelič
Hanna S. Tetteh
Maxim Trudolyubov
Mike van Graan
Yao Yang
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Acknowledgments

Matthias Berger, Mayor of the town of Grimma
Reinhold Bocklet, Vice-President of the Bavarian State Parliament
Tobias Burdukat, “Village for Youth” Grimma
Kate Crawford, New York University and Microsoft Research New York
Mehmet Gürcan Daimagüler, Daimagüler von Wistinghausen Lawyers
Oliver Decker, Leipzig University
Matthias Deiß, ARD Capital Studio
Stephan Detjen, Deutschlandradio
Dana Ersing, Initiativkreis: Menschen.Würdig
Christian Flisek, Member of the German Bundestag
Nik Gowing (Moderator), NTU Singapore and KCL London Stojan Gutgutschkow, City of Leipzig
Peter Heilrath, Green Party in Bavaria
Christoph Heusgen, Federal Chancellery and Permanent Representative to the UN
Ulrich Hörning, Deputy Mayor of General Services of the City of Leipzig
Lillian Ikulumet, Journalist
Nurul Fatimah Khasbullah
, Ausländerrat Dresden e.V.
Henning Kuschning, Saxon State Ministry of the Environment and Agriculture
Petra Köpping, Saxon State Minister for Gender Equality and Integration
Kurt W. Liedtke, Robert Bosch Stiftung
Ines Lüpfert, Administrative district Leipzig
Roland Preuss, Süddeutsche Zeitung
Felix Reinshagen, NavVis
Beate A. Schücking, Leipzig University
Lord (Robert) Skidelsky, Warwick University, British Academy in History and Economics and British House of Lords
Frank-Walter Steinmeier, Federal President
Hans-Peter Uhl, Member of the German Bundestag
Janine Wolff, City Administration of Grimma
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Credits

The Robert Bosch Academy was founded in 2014 as an institution of the Robert Bosch Stiftung. Located in the Berlin Representative Office of the foundation, the Academy offers a space for multilateral dialogue and interdisciplinary cooperation focused on finding solutions for the main challenges of our time. By bringing together diverse perspectives and a multitude of voices, the Academy enriches the public discourse in the capital and beyond.

The Richard von Weizsäcker Forum is part of a comprehensive community program for all Richard von Weizsäcker Fellows. By engaging with the Fellows, German experts and decision makers gain new perspectives on major social and political issues; in turn, Fellows expand their networks and enrich their expertise with insights in German policy debates and decision-making processes.

www.robertboschacademy.com
@BoschAcademy
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International Crises, Security Threats and Shifting Powers

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“Two interrelated sets of changes are provoking major shifts in global constellations of power. The first is 'the great disruption'—the opening stages of an economic and social transformation as significant or more so than the Industrial Revolution. Virtually every institution from the family to the state to the corporation can expect wave after wave of challenges."
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"In addition, the lapse of a globalist consensus in American foreign policy has coincided with these developments. Maintained from 1947 to 2016, a longstanding set of compromises among elites sustained their belief in the necessary primacy of the United States abroad. The election of President Trump has opened the prospect of a definitive break with seven decades of this outlook. Wrenching developments like the drift of Poland and Hungary into new ideological channels, BREXIT, and President Trump’s professed skepticism about precepts of liberal order are signs of fundamental change in the Atlantic world. Elsewhere, evidence of a disruptive transformation is not hard to find: the accelerating arms race in Asia, growing tensions among great powers, the sectarian wars of the Middle East and the collapse of post-Cold War European relations all point to a new and more testing period in world affairs.”

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Competing Orders

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"'War appears to be as old as mankind, but peace is a modern invention.' So wrote the jurist Sir Henry Maine in the middle of the nineteenth century. And he insisted that peace is not simply the absence of war. Positive peace implies a social and political ordering of society that is generally accepted as just. Do we still have such a legitimate order? The globalization has entered a new stage where economic interdependence is viewed not as a source of security but as a source of insecurity. In the words of Nader Mousavizadeh  what we witness is 'the weaponization of everything' - the basic enablers of globalization - finance, technology, energy, law, education, science, trade and travel - have all been turned into weapons in a new form of warfare. The 'weaponization of norms' is the ultimate expression of these dangerous trends."
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"The attack on the normative foundations of the current international order is not based on any efforts to suggest any alternative norms and principles. The attack most often takes the form of a violent criticism of the hypocrisy of liberal order and one of its principles is used as an instrument to discredit another. But the criticism of the hypocrisy makes sense only when governments who criticize genuinely believe and act according to the principles on which the liberal order is based. Unfortunately, it is not often the case. What is most dangerous in the current fashion to attack any reference towards norms and values as an exercise of liberal hypocrisy is that it breeds profound mistrust. If you start with the assumption that any normative position is pure hypocrisy cooperation is unlikely."
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"Democracy is defined as a liberal political order based on the individual-centered value system (in which rights are prior to goods and individual well-being preconditions collective well-being) and secured by the rule of law. Never before has democracy been challenged so formidably than in today’s world. This is not necessarily because of the "decline" of the US-led West vis-à-vis China’s rapid rise, but essentially because the capitalist market economy, which was deemed as inseparable from democracy, has actually flourished under the soft-authoritarian regime such as China.

Moreover, the hypocritical behavior of the US, the leader of democracy, since George Bush era on the one hand and inconsistent (sometimes even conflicting) policies between US and Europe (EU) on the other hand have substantially damaged the “soft power” as well as credibility of democracy - and the trend is peaked under President Trump. Thus, whether democracy will prevail depends essentially on the extent to which the US-led West can maintain its initiative and leadership in rule-making while the world is undergoing two inevitable transitions towards a multipolar (from unipolar) world and global economic integration."
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Global Economic Imbalances

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"The mass protests in Seattle at the World Trade Organization (WTO) convention in 1999 marked the start of a popular insurrection against globalisation; in fact the start of what is now called populism. Insofar as the loose coalition of anti-capitalists, environmentalists, anarchists, and trade unionists had a coherent message it was that the rules of the recently formed WTO were designed to enable multinational corporations (MNCs) and global banks to exploit both poor countries and poor workers in rich countries. Over the following years, and especially since the Great Recession of 2008-9, these anti-globalist stirrings splintered and morphed into populist movements of both Left and Right. Globalisation made populism global."
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"Globalisation imposes costs on both rich and poor countries. It promises rich countries gains in variety and cheapness of goods and services at the cost of job displacements and falling living standards for workers forced to compete with lower-paid labour using the same technology. It is thus an important cause of growing earnings inequality in rich countries. And in the name of a static theory of comparative advantage it robs poor countries of the chance to develop their 'infant industries’. The populist reaction against globalisation shows up the poverty of mainstream economics. Nations are not simply inconvenient obstacles on the road to utopia. It was John Stuart Mill, the great 19th century liberal, who recognised, in Considerations on Representative Government, that it was a shared sense of nationality 'which make people cooperate with each other more willingly than with other people, be under the same government, and desire it should be government by themselves'. This prejudice in favour of one's own should be treated with respect, not with contempt, for it is what makes democracy possible. The lesson of populism is that globalisation has been carried too far and too fast for the conditions of consent. It needs to be slowed down, qualified, and regulated."
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Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

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"Artificial intelligence, AI, is rapidly becoming part of our infrastructure, like the water system. It has the capacity to improve the quality of our lives, be it in assisting us with planning our day, managing our health, or improving energy efficiency. Now early stage AI technologies are flowing into many of the systems we rely on every day, from education, to employment, to criminal justice. But unlike the water system, we don’t yet have established methods for testing AI for safety, fairness or effectiveness. Bias in AI systems can invisibly entrench discrimination in society in ways that are initially hard to detect, harmful in the long term, and expensive to reverse."
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"Ultimately, we can’t manage what we can’t measure. As AI becomes the new infrastructure, we must understand its short and long term impacts, and know that it is safe for all to use. This means developing new research approaches, new methodologies, and drawing from diverse disciplines that understand AI in the context of our complex social systems."

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Grimma

The first stop was Grimma, a town near Leipzig. After talking about the challenges and opportunities for rural areas with, among others, Matthias Berger, Mayor of Grimma, Henning Kuschnig, Head of Unit Rural Development in the Saxon State Ministry of the Environment and Agriculture, Ines Lüpfert, Second Assistant of the Administrative District
of Leipzig, Janine Wolff, Head of the Office for Urban Development Grimma, the Fellows visited the „Village for Youth“ which was created by and for young people. The project aims to establish an independent youth culture as well as to contribute to youth employment and urban life in the rural area.
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"The project “Village for Youth” was conceived as part of my social work exams in 2012. It strives to foster youth employment in the rural areas surrounding large German cities through active outreach as part of social work. Moreover, it is based on the idea that we can best support young people on their journey towards independence and self-determination by establishing an independent youth culture. Shared human values and group solidarity are the defining features of our project. Since young people grow up and leave the project while new young adults join, the “Village for Youth” works like a cycle to increase solidarity in our society."

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"The old factory is an important tool for doing this work, but it is also one of our biggest problems: The use of old buildings is strictly regulated in Germany, and we often need help from experts, which can become very expensive. Another and even bigger problem for me is that social work does not have a strong reputation with politicians or in our society in general: As social workers, instead of only focusing on solving current problems, our main task should be to improve society in order to prevent these problems from arising in the first place."
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Leipzig

The next stop for the Fellows was Leipzig. After the guided city tour “Model for Action? Leipzig and the Peaceful Revolution” the Fellows met with politicians and representatives from business, civil society, science and media.
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was the topic of the meeting in Leipzig with Petra Köpping, Saxon State Minister for Gender Equality and Integration, Ulrich Hörning, Deputy Mayor for General Services of Leipzig (speaking in the photo), Oliver Decker, Head of the Center for the Study of Right WingExtremism and Democracy at the University of Leipzig, Dana Ersing, Initiativkreis: Menschen. Würdig., Nurul Fatimah Khasbullah, Executive Board Member of Ausländerrat Dresden e.V., Stojan Gugutschkow, Commissioner for Integration of the City of Leipzig and Head of Department of Migration and Integration and Beate Schücking, President of the University of Leipzig.
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"Despite the sharp rise in people seeking refuge in Germany over the past years, one thing has remained constant: our integration efforts are applied equally to all migrants, not just asylum seekers and migrants who have recently arrived, but also former contract workers and so-called expellees from Eastern Europe as well as EU citizens in search of a home in Saxony, whether temporary or for the long-term.  

What is the most important thing that we want to support with our funding? Encounters. And dialogue. This is right at the top of our funding priorities. And that’s because we can only fight ignorance and prejudice through one-on-one encounters; this is what allows real integration to happen."

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“In Saxony right-wing extremist groups and parties are more successful and mobilize more followers than in other federal states in Germany. This mobilization and the resulting political violence were ignored by the federal government for years.

In 2015, during the mass immigration to Europe, the number of serious incidents like arson attacks and racist violence increased dramatically. Now there is a change in the political strategy: programs support civil society against neo-Nazi movements and surveys document the prejudices of the general Saxony population. Those programs will provide the basis to react against hate crimes and to integrate immigrants.”
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Munich

The last stop of the study tour was Munich. Here, the Fellows talked with politicians as well as with stakeholders from business, civil society and the media, among others, about the election campaign, integration in Bavaria and key priorities for the next federal government.

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With the human rights lawyer Mehmet Gürcan Daimagüler and the journalist Lilian Ikulumet they discussed current challenges concerning immigration and integration in Germany and especially in Bavaria. The conversation was  moderated by Roland Preuss, political journalist at Süddeutsche Zeitung.
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“Being a refugee means not only living at the mercy of others, but also adjusting and adapting to their way of life, to be just like them, and to make it our new home. Indeed, fleeing from a lion’s claws into warm open arms brings peace of mind, knowing that you are better protected wherever you are."
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“When it comes to immigration and integration, the German reality is far better than the mood in the country. Politicians, who claim that 'perception is reality' and who want to govern a country based on this idea of politics haven’t fully understood the real meaning of leadership.“
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The next stop in Munich was the Bavarian State Parliament to speak with Vice-President Reinhold Bocklet about the most pressing topics in Bavaria before the elections.
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"Chancellor Angela Merkel's strategy for the national election campaign centres on avoiding any kind of potential political conflict. Her election slogan "For a Germany, where we live happily and well" delivers the message of worry-free prosperity for the country as her main manifesto pledge.
Controversial topics such as the withdrawal from nuclear energy, the minimum wage or same-sex marriage rights have been dealt with and decided.”
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"Other conflicts such as the refugee crisis, a potential ban on diesel cars and the accelerating industrial digitalization have been ignored or kept out of the spotlight. Given the ongoing change and uncertainty in world affairs, many people turn to the well-known and trusted rather than support further change. Nevertheless, forming a new Government in Germany is likely to become more difficult due to the expected fragmentation of parties in parliament."
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“If the events of summer 2015 would repeat themselves tomorrow, we would face the exact same legal challenges that we faced in 2015. Therefore, the next German administration needs to urgently focus on passing a progressive immigration law. First, we need to clear the path to asylum for those people that belong in this category: the people who fear persecution in their own country on protected grounds. Second, we need a modern legal framework for so-called economic migrants, similar to the Canadian system. Only if we take these measures, can we finally say that we have learned from our previous experiences!”
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Former Prime Minister and Foreign Minister of Sweden

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Overview
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Chapter 1 Intro

Chapter 2 Sandra Breka on the Richard von Weizsäcker Forum

Chapter 5 Kurt W. Liedtke on the Richard von Weizsäcker Forum

Kurt W. Liedtke

Chapter 7 Nik Gowing on the Richard von Weizsäcker Forum 2017

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